Writing Center Echo: Coordination and Subordination
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7777 South May Avenue
Oklahoma City, OK 73159
An educational resource of Division of Arts, English, and Humanities
Echo: Coordination and Subordination
An
Independent Clause
contains a subject + verb + complete idea.A
Dependent Clause
contains a subject + verb, but not a complete thought.
Coordination
, but | ||
, or | ||
, yet | ||
Independent Clause | , for | Independent Clause |
, and | ||
, nor | ||
, so |
Examples:
- I went to school, but I forgot to attend all my classes.
- George slipped on a banana peel, and Gracie said goodnight.
Independent Clause | ; | Independent Clause |
Examples:
- Something struck Chicken Little in the head; she thought the sky was falling.
- Custer wasn't breathing; he was dead.
; consequently, | ||
; furthermore, | ||
; however, | ||
; in deed, | ||
Independent Clause | ; in fact, | Independent Clause |
; moreover, | ||
; nevertheless, | ||
; then, | ||
; therefore, |
Examples:
- I went to school early this morning; however, I forgot to attend all my classes.
- George started the car; then, he drove away.
Subordination
after | ||
although | ||
as (as if) | ||
because | ||
before | ||
if | ||
since | ||
Independent Clause | that | Dependent Clause |
unless | ||
until | ||
when(ever) | ||
whereas | ||
which | ||
while | ||
who |
Examples:
- I went to the grocery store after the rain stopped.
- James told me that he would feed my dog.
After | ||
Although | ||
Because | ||
Before | ||
If | ||
Since | ||
That | Dependent Clause, | Independent Clause |
Unless | ||
Until | ||
When(ever) | ||
Whereas | ||
Which | ||
While | ||
Who |
Examples:
- Because he didn't like them, the little boy threw the peanuts away.
- While the cat's away, the mice will play.